THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING SCRAMBLED PICTURES TO IMPROVE THE STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN SPEAKING NARRATIVE TEXT.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING SCRAMBLED PICTURES TO IMPROVE THE STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN SPEAKING NARRATIVE TEXT.

(An Experimental)

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. Background of The Study

Language is the medium for communication and to transfer the message, informations or knowledge we sure use the language. In communication process, receiver can understand when we speak clearly. In example in conversation, we are free to turn taking between the speakers, ask question and change the topics. Many spoken interactions consist of commenting on immediate actions or events, or casually moving from one topic to another.2 It mean that when we do the conversation activities, there will be some transformations of ideas and information¶s which is very beneficial for human progress as unconsidered

learning. Learning something new is not only in formal learning, but also in any situations.

We know that God created human in different kinds so, they need to be interact between people that make them understand each other. Allah has explaining this statement in the Koran :

³Hi, Human, actually We created you from a men and women and becoming you in different nations and tribes in order to know between each other. Actually the most lofty people in side of Allah is they are who has a pious between them. Actually only Allah, the God omniscient and Almighty. ( Al-Hujarat: 13 )

From the explanation above, it is means that people have been instructed by Allah to be a friendship or understand one to another, although they have a different in sex, tribe, country, and language. To be know and understand another, we need a communication, and Language is one media to????????????????

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IMPROVING STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN WRITING NEWS ITEM TEXT BY USING OLD AND NEW INFORMATION ( EXPERIMENTAL)

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

            This chapter presents the background of the study, reasons for choosing the topic, limitation  of  the  study,  statements  of  the  problems,  objectives  of  the  study, significance of the study and outline of the report.

1.1   Background of the Study

A  text  is  defined  as  the  original  words  of  an  author  or  speaker,  as  opposed  to  a translation,  paraphrase,  commentary,  analyze  or  the  like.  It  means  that  a  text represents  the  idea  of  the  speaker  or  writer  that  can  be  either  written  or  spoken. Written  text  is  identified  as  a  text  which  is  developed  when  a  writer  is  giving meaning through written form, for example short story, novel, newsletter, etc. Written  text  usually  is  used  as  text  to  convey  a

  message.  In  order  to construct  a  good  and  understandable  written  text,  we  can  use  the  systemic functional grammar in our text. In Halliday‟s functional grammar a clause can be divided into Theme and Rheme (new information). Halliday as quoted by Isabel: 1998 statedd that “Theme/Rheme structure is the basic form of the organization of the  clause  as  message”  (Halliday,  1985:  53).  It  means  that  by  using Theme/Rheme can help a writer make a good written text.?????????????????????????????

 

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THE USE OF DOCUMENTARY FILMS IN BBC VCD AS ALTERNATIVE MEDIA IN IMPROVING STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN WRITING REPORT (experimental)

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

            This chapter is the first chapter in which the writer would like to discuss the background of the study, reasons for choosing the topic, statements of the problems, objectives of the study, statement of the hypothesis, significance of the study and outline of the report. 

1.1.  Background of the Study

Nowadays, all of us face a globalization era, in which everything demands competitive ability in technology, management, human resource, and almost every aspect of human life. We, whether we like or not,  need to have a competitive competence reached through the high international standard level of knowledgeable and skillful of human resource in order to develop ourselves and compete in this changing

era.  It goes without saying that globalization era requires change in every aspect of life. It impacts on the role of English as the most important international language all over the world to communicate. Harmer (2003:1) states that “English has become a lingua franca”.

According to Harmer (2003:1), “a lingua franca can be defined as a language widely adopted for communication between two speakers whose native languages are diferent from each other’s and where one or both speakers are using it as a ‘second language’.” The use of English language in both English and non-English countries in International economical, socio-?????????????????????????????

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Effects of Pre-questioning on the reading comprehension achievement

                                                           CHAPTER I

                                             INTRODUCTION        

1.1  Background of the Study

            Language is one of the most important things in communication and it is used as a toll of communication among the nations in all over the world. As an international language, English is very important and has many interrelationships with various aspects of life owned by human being. In Indonesia, English considered as the first foreign language and taught formally from elementary school up to the university level.

            In English, there are four skills that should be mastered, they are: listening, speaking, reading, and writing. The reading skill became very important in the education field, students need to be exercised and

trained in order to have a good reading skill.

            Reading is also something crucial and indispensable for the students because the success of their study depends on the greater part of their ability to read. If their reading skill is poor they are very likely to fail in their study or at least they will have difficulty in making progress. On the other hand, if they have a good ability in reading, they will have a better chance to succeed in their study.

            In reading, to comprehend the text the readers should be able to manage every part of the text, because it is easy to gain the comprehension in reading when the readers are able to organize the text. Sometimes, they may find form of pre-questioning and it is important for them to comprehend a reading text with having knowledge in general view of the text. Theoretically, pre-questioning itself can build the students’ interest and motivation before students read the whole text. Moreover, the students can predict what will be discussed on the text. In line with this study, students may improve their reading???????/

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